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Please always try to reply to the right answer. Keep this forum clean and with a good overview.
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—> {}, [], (), ← this things are a part of the SYNTAX of JavaScript.
Every language has it’s own Programming-SYNTAX.
For example in VBA-Script (a programming-language which is used in MICROSOFT-EXCEL) you have another programming-SYNTAX, but still similar to JS.
How to learn SYNTAX ?
I don’t think you will get here the right anwer. Everyone is learning to code different. My way was to study every little sign and letter of the JS-SYNTAX.
{}, [], (), &, <,>, ||, ; , and so on …
Time by time you will understand where to place a → (), or an additional → {}. Also you will soon understand in which situation to use → [], or what a → &, or —> || do.
Of course it will depend on you and your interest to become a good coder, how fast you will learn all these things.
The world-wide-web is your best friend in this case.