Limiting resources to users roles or labels, not sure how to??

Hello all,
Trying to figure out how easily I can use function code to show specific pages or buttons to a specific user member role or label.
As for today, I’m doing it manually but I really want to automate the process.

Sorry for being newbie, I have a few questions :

  1. What is the best way to hide specific items and pages to specific users? Through roles, labels ?

  2. If 1. is doable, how to automate the users ↔ member.roles or labels mapping.

Thank you for your help!
Rachel